Horrible Monsters
Greek myths are packed with terrifying creatures like this guy—the Chimera. 

Art by Randy Pollak

CCSS

R.1, R.2, R.3, R.4, R.7, W.2, SL.1, SL.2, L.4, L.6

The Three-Headed Beast

Can a hero on a flying horse defeat this fire-breathing monster?

Before You Read: Click here for a handy audio guide. You’ll hear how some of the names and places in this play are pronounced.

 

CHARACTERS

*Starred characters have larger speaking parts.

  • *Narrators 1, 2, 3 (N1, N2, N3) 
  • Royal Adviser
  • King Iobates (ee-oh-BAH-teez), the king of Lycia
  • Royal Messenger
  • *Bellerophon (buh-LEHR-uh-fuhn)  
  • Eurynome (yur-EE-noh-mee), Bellerophon’s mother 
  • Villagers 1, 2
  • Polyidus (pah-lee-EE-duhs), a seer, someone who can see the future 
  • Poseidon (puh-SYE-dn), god of the sea, Bellerophon’s father 
  • Athena (uh-THEE-nuh), goddess of war 
  • Pegasus (PE-guh-suhs), a magical flying horse
  • Crowd, to be read by everyone

PROLOGUE

N1: Long ago in ancient Greece, there was a young man named Bellerophon.

N2: He lived in a kingdom called Lycia (LIH-shuh).

N3: His mother, Eurynome, was very wise. She loved her son.

N1: And his father was Poseidon, the god of the sea!

N2: People expected big things from Bellerophon.

N3: After all, most children of gods did great things!

N1: But Bellerophon was happy just riding horses, fishing—that kind of thing.

N2: He rarely thought of his father, up there on Mount Olympus with the other gods.

N3: But soon, all that would change. Trouble was brewing.

Jim McMahon/Mapman®

The Location
Some stories in Greek myths are thought to be based on real events. Others are made up. Many places in this myth, like Lycia, really existed. You can still visit Lycia’s ruins today.

SCENE 1

The Palace of King Iobates 

N1: Iobates is the king of Lycia. And he is in a mood.

N2: He’s feeling nervous that someone might try to steal his throne. Also, he’s bored.

N3: It’s a terrible combination.

Royal Adviser: Here’s an idea, sir. Our kitchens are full, but the people of Lycia are hungry. Let’s give them food! They’ll be so grateful. It’ll keep them in line. 

King Iobates: What? That food is mine

Royal Adviser: Of course, sir. My mistake.

King Iobates: We could chop someone’s head off. It’s not original, but it sends a message. Ooh! how about Bellerophon? He’s way too popular with the people. 

Royal Adviser: Sir, killing him will anger the gods.

N1: Just then, the royal messenger bursts in.

Royal Messenger: I bring bad news from the kingdom of Caria (KEHR-ee-uh)!

King Iobates (excitedly): Wonderful!

Royal Messenger: A horrible monster is burning their fields and eating their sheep. None of Caria’s soldiers can defeat it!

King Iobates (stroking his beard): Interesting . . . 

N2: The adviser and the messenger look at each other with dread.

King Iobates: Bring my people to the town square! Especially Bellerophon!

SCENE 2

The Town Square 

N3: The people gather in the square. King Iobates steps onto the stage.

King Iobates: People of Lycia! A beast attacks our neighbors! And I have chosen one of our own to defeat it—or die trying. The lucky winner is . . . Bellerophon!

N1: All eyes turn to Bellerophon.

Bellerophon: Ummm . . . Mom?

Eurynome (worriedly): What is this beast you are sending my son to defeat, sir? 

King Iobates: The Chimera (kye-MIHR-uh)!

N2: The crowd gasps.

Villager 1: The Chimera is impossible to kill!

Villager 2: It has three heads—a lion’s, a goat’s, and a snake’s!

Villager 1: It breathes fire! And it can fly!

N3: Bellerophon gulps.

King Iobates: Don’t worry, Bellerophon. We’ll give you a glorious funeral!

N1: Once they’re back home, Eurynome tries to calm her hysterical son.

Bellerophon: I can’t defeat a three-headed, fire-breathing, flying beast!

Eurynome: Don’t forget, you have the gods on your side. Your father is Poseidon!

Bellerophon: So what should I do?

Eurynome: Gather your bow and arrows and go see my friend Polyidus. He can see the future. He’ll know what to do.

SCENE 3

A cave near Lycia 

N2: Bellerophon hikes to Polyidus’s cave.

N3: He finds him leaning against the cave entrance.

Polyidus: Bellerophon! You look just like your father! 

Bellerophon: How did you know—

Polyidus: I knew you were coming before you did! Sadly, I’ve got some bad news. The Chimera burns you to a crisp.

N1: Bellerophon gasps.

Polyidus: Kidding! I can’t see everything in the future. I don’t actually know what’s going to happen to you.

N2: It doesn’t help. Bellerophon is still shaking.

Polyidus: Sorry! Bad joke. Anyway, here’s what I do know. You need Pegasus.

Bellerophon: The magical flying horse that can’t be tamed?

Polyidus: That’s right! Want to defeat a flying monster? You need some wings!

Bellerophon: But how do I tame Pegasus?

Polyidus: Go to the Temple of Athena. 

Bellerophon: But doesn’t Pegasus live—

Polyidus: Bye now! Off you go! Good luck!

Art by Randy Pollak

Who’s in Charge?  
In ancient Greece, gods and goddesses were thought to control everything—from the weather to who won battles.

 

Poseidon (left) was the god of the sea and water, Athena (right) was the goddess of wisdom and war.

SCENE 4

The Temple of Athena 

N3: At the temple, Bellerophon waits. And waits. 

N1: Nothing happens—no horse, no Athena. So he drifts off to sleep.

N2: Meanwhile on Mount Olympus, Poseidon walks up to Athena.

N3: He’s nervous. They have never really gotten along.

Poseidon: Athena! Nice weather, eh? How is the family? 

Athena (rolling her eyes): What do you want?

Poseidon: My son is being forced to fight the Chimera. He needs to tame Pegasus.

Athena: Ha! If you’re asking me for help, you must be in trouble. I’ll see what I can do.

N1: Athena heads to her temple. She finds Bellerophon sleeping.

Athena: Poor kid. It’s not his fault his father is annoying.

N2: She waves her spear. A sparkling golden bridle appears out of thin air.

N3: As she leaves, Bellerophon wakes up.

Bellerophon: Weird! I dreamed I was taming Pegasus with a . . . hey! 

N1: He spots the golden bridle and picks it up.

Bellerophon: Maybe the gods are on my side . . .

SCENE 5

Pirene Fountain 

N2: Bellerophon arrives at the fountain where Pegasus lives.

N3: Pegasus looks up, alarmed—and stomps the ground.

Pegasus (angrily): Neigh!

Bellerophon: Whoa, buddy! I come in peace.

N1: Bellerophon throws his hands up to protect himself.

N2: That’s when Pegasus sees the golden bridle in his hand.

N3: The horse relaxes.

Pegasus (gently): Neigh.

N1: Bellerophon puts the golden bridle on him.

Bellerophon: It fits!

N2: Pegasus kneels, and Bellerophon climbs on.

Bellerophon: To Caria!

Art by Randy Pollak

Making a Hero
In myths, characters like Bellerophon become heroes by completing difficult tasks. These tasks usually show how strong, brave, or smart they are.

SCENE 6

The skies over Caria 

N3: They come upon the Chimera.

N1: Villagers call out.

Crowd: Help! Help!

N2: The Chimera spins around and spits fire.

N3: Bellerophon shoots arrows at the monster.

N1: They bounce off the Chimera’s thick skin.

Bellerophon: It’s no use! I can’t defeat this monster. 

Pegasus (hopefully): Neigh!

Bellerophon: You’re right. I can’t give up. We must lure the monster away from the city! But how? 

N2: Suddenly, Bellerophon gets an idea.

Bellerophon: To the water!

N3: As Pegasus flies to the ocean, the Chimera follows.

Bellerophon: Circle the beast as fast as you can!

N1: As Pegasus picks up speed, the Chimera spins.

N2: It gets very dizzy and falls toward the sea.

N3: Then, poof! In a cloud of black smoke, the beast dissolves into the ocean.

SCENE 7

The Palace of King Iobates 

Attributed to the Ixion Painter/Rogers Fund,1906/Metropolitan Museum of Art (Vase); The Granger Collection (Coin)

Honoring Their Heroes
Bellerophon and Pegasus were often featured on coins and vases in ancient times.

N1: The villagers of Caria lead their heroes back to Lycia.

Crowd: Long live Bellerophon and Pegasus!

N2: At the palace, Eurynome rushes to hug Bellerophon.

N3: The king appears.

Bellerophon: I’ve killed the Chimera, sir. I guess I won’t be needing that funeral after all.

King Iobates: Ha! I’ll finish what the Chimera couldn’t.

N1: The king draws his sword. The crowd gasps.

N2: Bellerophon and his mother leap onto Pegasus.

N3: Pegasus flies away.

Eurynome: I knew you could do it, son.

Bellerophon: I couldn’t have done it without you, Mom. Or you, Pegasus.

Eurynome: Or the gods!

Pegasus (proudly): Neigh! 

 

ACTIVITY:

Inference

You’ve just read “The Three-Headed Beast.” Now it’s time to try this activity.

What to do: Imagine that you are King Iobates, a few days after the end of the play. You’re writing in your journal. Make inferences to complete each sentence below.

Tip: An inference is something that is not stated but can be figured out from clues in the text.

It bothered me that Bellerophon was so popular. I thought he might try to

Hint: Look in Scene 1 for clues.

When I sent Bellerophon to fight the Chimera, I hoped 

Hint: Look in Scene 2 for clues.

When Bellerophon came back alive, I felt  

Hint: Look in Scene 7 for clues.

But I probably shouldn’t have tried to kill him, because 

Hint: Look in Scene 1 for clues.

Pronunciation Guide

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